Radiator



P 8,1953 E. LEHMANN 2,651,506

RADIATOR Filed March 18, 1950 4 Sheetg-Sheet 1 Qf J5 @QP P 8, 1953 E. LEHMANN 2,651,506

. RADIATOR Filed March 18,1950 4 Sheets-Sheet z DDUDUDDD DDUDUDDEI DEIDEIEIDDD DDDDDEICI'U Sept. 8,1953 E. LEHMANN Q 2,551,505 I RADIATOR Filed March 18, 1950 4 4 She eYts-Sheet 3 Sept. 8, 1953 E. LEHMANN 2,651,506

I RADIATOR 7 Filed March 18, 1950 4 Shee ts-Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 8, 1953 ,UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Ernst Lehmann, Wallenstadt, Switzerland.

Application March 18, 1950, Serial No. 150,389

In Switzerland March 24, 1949 8 Claims. (01. 251-141) The invention relates to a radiator, in particular for hot water and steam heating installations, which is distinguished by a very large heating surface and by increased heat exchange ability with augmented circulation of the air in the room.

The radiator according to the invention has, for instance, for this purpose a heating unit consisting of a numberof members in which, between the members alternately there are formed circulating chambers for the heating agent joined together by the connecting pipes and at the bottom and on top open air ascent shafts, the members having a jacket closing on the outsideand heating walls projecting into the air ascent shafts.

The drawin shows methods of carrying out the invention by way of example.

Fig. 1 is a view of the first form of executing the invention, shown partially in section,

Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan of the radiator, partially in horizontal section, r

Fig. 4 is a radiator member according to the first form of carrying out the invention, in longitudinal section, 1

Fig. 5 is the radiator member according to the first form of carrying out the invention seen from above and I Fig. 6 is a view of the second form of carrying out the invention seen from above in partial horizontal section, r Fig. '7 is the radiator member according to the second form of carrying out the invention in horizontal section, r

Fig. 8 is a view of the radiator partially in longitudinal section in a third example of carrying out the invention,

Fig. 9 is a side view of Fig. 8 with cross-section through the perforated cover plate,

Fig. 10 is a view of the radiator from above with the cover plate partially broken away, a

Figs. 11-14 show the process for makingthe steel plates, Fig 12 being a partial view of the moulded band, Fig. 11 a cross-section along lines XIIXII Fig. 12, Fig. 13 a partial view of the stamped steel band and Fig. 14 a plate cut in the proces after Fig. 13, front view from above,

Figs. 15-18 illustrate the processes whereby the radiator members are made from the plates and in particular Fig. 15 shows the bending of the outside, Fig. 16 the connection of two. plates in the middle by spot welding, Fig. 17 the jointing of the'plates on theperiphery of the heating agent circulating space and. Fig. '18 the comple- 2 r r tion of a radiator member by bending the connecting flanges,

Fig. 19 shows a completed radiator member from above,

Fig. 20, an intermediate wall,

Fig. 21, a partial view from above of the radi ator members and intermediate walls in conjunction with the outward and return pipe connections,

Fig. 22, a front view of a radiator in a second practical example, 1 I

Fig. 23, a side view of Fig. 22.

Fig. 24, a horizontal section, and

Fig. .25, a view from above of an intermediate wall.

The radiator shown is composed of several members I (Fig; 5) of rectangular shape and at the two ends of an end piece I (Fig. 2). Each member I and Ifv has at the top and bottom a connecting pipe formed by a bulge (2 and 3). Every-member is provided with a central bulge .4 joining the two connecting pipes 2 and 3, while the outside edge/5 of the rectangular member lies on one plane. The vertical longitudinal edges of the member I are bent at right angles and form an outer part of the wall 6 with, according to the shape of hollow cylinder halves, heat distributors l bent inwards. The connecting pipes 2 and 3 each have a constricted mouth edge 8, at which every two members I are rigidly connected together with suitably alinged connecting pipes by means of connecting pipe parts 9 with nuts I ll. i

At .the encasin edges 5, with which the members llikewise lie along one another, these are jointedtogether by; welding. In this way, by means of a'continuous welded seal the heating agent circulation chambers H formed by the bul es 4 are closed to the outside. Furthermore the members are joined together by means of the connecting pipe sections 9. Between the chambers H at top and bottom completely open air ascent shafts l 2 are formed.

The members of the described radiator are preferably stamped from steel sheet. The parts of the outside wall 6 at right angles to the vertical outside walls 5 of the rectangular members form a closed fiat front and rear wall while the seal inboth narrow sides is formed by the end members If. v 'Bymeans of the warmwater flowing through the heating agent circulation chambers not only the chamber walls, but the outer walls 6 and the heat distributors l bent into'them and protruding intothe air: ascent shafts,- are quickly heated.

Thanks to the extremely large heating surface in the air ascent shafts a strong circulation of the air in the room is produced.

The second form of carrying out the radiator according to Figures 6 and i difiers from t latter merely in that the heat distributors bent at the outer wall sections and protruding into the air ascent shafts l2, are. formed as fi plates 1'.

The essential feature of the described radiator is that besides the heating agent circulating chambers between the members, there is preferably provided in each case a pair of air ascent shafts, which close the side walls in part or altogether as shown in the drawing. The walls of the heating agent circulation chambers form one piece with those of the air ascent shafts, but.

may also consist of welded parts, the determining feature is merely that they are joined together in heat exchange connection.

The radiator shown in Figs. 8-21- is again formed of several members I and intermediate walls i3 inserted between the members and the outward and return pipes l4 and I5 joining the members together. The connection between the heating agent circulation chambers of the radiator members and the outward and return pipes l4 and i5 is rendered possible by drillings l6 provided in the latter. I! and 18 are closing covers and [9' and 2B the connecting nipple for the outward and return pipes. 21 is a perforated cover placed on the radiator; which does not prevent the rise in the air ascent shafts.

The members I are each formed from the same mould halves. The mould halves are made from 1.2 mm. cold rolled steel strip B (deep drawn quality) on the moving belt, and this is done by stamping the strip on a level with the height of the radiator. In this: process there are formed the recesses 22 for forming the heating agent circulation spaces 22 and the recesses 23 for form ng the mouths of' the heating agent circulating space to which the drillings 16' of" the outward and return pipes ["4 and I5 connect.

At the same time the round part 24 for the seating of the outward and the return connection pipe is stamped by a stamping tool A and the edge of this round piece is milled on the outside. Now the stamped steel band B, as shown in Fi 13, is cut into the plates intended for the radiator members with the aid of the stamping tool C used for the purpose. On the individual; plates, in a special pressing device F, G the outer walls 25 are bent. To this are jointed as shown in Fig. 16, two members to form a radiator member and by means of an electric welding apparatus E, the mid ribs are joined together by spot welding. By means of the recesses 22', with their hollow sides facing one another, the heating agent circulation spaces 21 are formed. In a subsequent process the plates connected together are welded together onthe periphery of their heating agent circulating space 21 at the adjoining edges 23 in a roller electrode welding device specially designed for the purpose E, so that the heating agent circulating spaces 21 are also sealed off hermetically on the outside. The radiator members are now completed in a special pressing device H, I, connecting flanges 29 being bent at the outside walls 25 on every radiator member as illustrated in Fig; 18. The flanges are thus at right angles and are aligned inwards. Between each pair of flanges. are the end parts at the tall sides of the intermediate walls l3 of every 2 adjacentmembers. The finished radiator members Fig. 19, assembled as illustrated in Fig. 21, have intermediate walls I3 inserted. The two end members of the radiator in process of formation differ from the other members in that the outside walls 25 are lacking in the outside plates of these members as illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. By inserting the outward and return pipe connections 14 and 15 the members are connected. together in such a Way that the mouths of the heating agent circulation chamhers 21 coincide with the drillings It. In this assembly of the parts, the radiator is completed by brazing by the immersion process, when the outward and return pipes l4 and I5 are closely connected to the radiator members in such a way that the heating agent circulation spaces are'sealed hermetically on the outside.

The intermediate walls 13 are irradiated with heat on both sides and, are thus able to radiate heat again or conduct it to the outside walls. The heat absorption of the insertion walls'is sufiicient only if the distance is relatively slight. By means of this return radiation the heat imparted to the air' rising through the air circul'ation shafts is improved.

In Figs. 2 -25 is a front heating agent circulating space, which by stampings 3! on the front wall is divided into a number of comp rtments. [9 and 26 each denote a pipe connectionnipple, by means of which the radiator can be connected to a heating pipe. Fig. 23 shows that behind the circulating chamber 21 there is a second similarly constructed circulating chamber 21- and that in the centre between the two circulating chambers there is provided an intermediate wall 30 running in a vertical direction, in such a way that between the front circulating room 21. and the intermediate wall 30' there is an air ascent shaft 1 2 and between the circulating chamber 21' and the intermediate wall 30 an air ascent shaft 12'. Fig. 24 isv a horizontal section through a radiator, from which it is clearly apparent how through the stampings at the outside walls of both circulation chambers a larger number of heating agent circulating spaces 21 and 21 are formed inthe latter. Since the stampings do not extend as far as the top and lower edge of each circulation chamber the circulating spaces do not extend as far as these edges. The shafts are therefore joined top and bottom with one another in a horizontal direction. The pipe con nection nipples i9, 20 are formed T-shape and connect the inside of the two circulating chambers with one another.

Fig. 25 is a View from above of an intermediate wall 30, from which it is apparent that it is provided at both ends with angle sheets. The latter are on assembly rigidly connected with the sides of the two circulating chambers in such a way that the air ascent spaces l2, 12' are only open at th bottom and top.

If a heating agent is supplied to the top pipe connection nipple I9, this is distributed to the two circulating chambers and flows to the top, horizontal connecting parts of the chambers, whereupon it flows down again through the circulating spaces 21, 2'!" and collects in the bottom horizontal connecting parts of the chambers and is taken to the bottom pipe connection nipple 20.

The circulating spaces 21, 21' and the intermediate wall 30 of the radiator as described are preferably stamped from steel sheeting.

The method of operation of the radiator is analogous to that in the previous examples. of

carrying out the invention. It should however be observed that owing to the extremely large heating surface in the air ascent shafts, there is a strong air circulation in the latter.

The described radiator is specially suited to hot water and steam heating, but could of course be used for other tasks as well e. g. electric oil or water radiators.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to a now preferred example and embodiment of th invention it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention, that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended, therefore, to cover all such changes and modifications in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of depressed and bent plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pairs of plates, said plates being interconnected, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

2. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of bent and depressed plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pairs of plates, said plates being interconnected by welding, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

3. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of bent and depressed plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pairs of plates, said plates being interconnected by brazing, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of th radiator, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

4. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of bent and depressed plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pair of plates, said plates being interconnected, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, and sheet metal parts inwardly projecting from the connecting seams between the adjacent pairs of plates, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates together with the projecting sheet metal parts form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, said air ascent shafts being at least partly subdivided by said sheet metal parts and the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

5. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of bent and depressed plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pair of plates, said plates being interconnected, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, and sheet metal parts, formed integral with, and inwardly projecting from, the connecting seams between the adjacent pairs of plates, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, said air ascent shafts being at least partly subdivided by said sheet metal parts and the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

6. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of bent and depressed plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pairs of plates, said plates being interconnected, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, and sheet metal parts, formed integrally with, and inwardly projecting from, the connecting seams between the adjacent pairs of plates, in the form of forked members, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates iorm air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, said air ascent shafts being at least partly subdivided by said forked members, and the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

7. In a radiator of the class described, a plurality of pairs of depressed and bent plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pairs of plates, said plates being interconnected, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, and sheet metal parts, formed integral with, and inwardly projecting from, the connecting seams between the adjacent pairs of plates, in the form of circular ring members, in such a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the back sides of two adjacent pairs of plates form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, said air ascent shafts being at least partly subdivided by said circular ring members, and the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in contact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

8. In a radiator of the class described, a pin.- rality of pairs of depressed and bent plates each pair forming connecting branches to the adjacent pairsv of plates, said plates being interconnected, with the connecting seams extending in planes which are parallel to each other and transversely disposed to the longitudinal direction of the radiator, and sheet metal parts in the form of separate partition walls interposed at the connecting seams between the adjacent pairs of plates, insuch a way that the two plates of each pair form together an inner heating agent circulation chamber while the backsides of the adjacent pairs of plates together with the partition walls form air ascent shafts which are substantially tightly closed to the outside but open at their top and bottom ends, the outer walls of the air ascent shafts forming the substantially smooth side walls of the radiator which are not in con.- tact with the heating agent circulation chambers.

ERNST LEI-IMANN.

References Cited in. the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 410,691 Joy Sept. 10; 1899 1,721,149 Gedeon et a1 July 16, 1929 1,957,702 Davis, Jr., et a1. May 8, 1934 2,354,865 Kucher et a1 Aug. 1, 194 

